How does Dickens creates suspense in "The Signalman"

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In the following essay I will discuss how Dickens creates suspense in "The Signalman" by exploring the settings and the characters. The novel was written by Charles Dickens in the 1th century. It is set in a deep cutting adjacent to a tunnel with a railway running through.

Suspense is created through supernatural, horror and ambiguity. A good suspense story should have all of these. I will explore these qualities which make up a good suspense story.

The story opens with the quote "Halloa! Below there" This short, but effective line becomes very decisive as the story unfolds. We don't know who's speaking and so creates tension already. The man he is shouting to below looks round to face the tunnel "Looked down the line". Any normal person would look upwards in response to this. Again Dickens is creating the unexplainable which builds up the tension and suspense. essaybank.co.uk

At this time we don't know who either of the men is. We know it is a ghost story so which one if any is the ghost. He is making you ask yourself questions which create suspense. You are already hooked and trying to figure out who is the ghost. He then goes on to describe the man below "There was something remarkable in his manner of doing so". This is evidence for the argument that he is possibly the ghost because of his weird actions. The actions create mystery which is effective to create the overall suspense. Also you still haven't had any kind of a physical description of the signalman so at this time you don't even know if he's human or not and you can't just make an assumption, you have to read on

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The story is set in the nineteenth century, a time when supernatural powers were still believable so someone reading this at the time would feel more of the pressure. The scene is set within a deep cutting at twilight and because of the darkness the two men don't get to see each other properly until they are face to face which is too late if one man kills the other. "I was near enough to have touched him". It makes you have the "Don't go down there" feeling so tension builds up more and more the closer they get to one another. Just before he goes down the cutting an unknown vibration shakes the ground "Vague vibration in the earth and air" He also uses a lot of effective adjectives like "Violent pulsation" this captures the senses and adds to the tension. This could be the final climax to the building pressure, but it ends up as being a train this; creates a lot of tension which is then lost after you are enlighten The cutting would be pretty dark; this darkness creates the suspended mood. It is also described as being "Extremely deep and unusually precipitous" and "Solitary and dismal". It seems like the place is very isolated and cut off from the real world, the perfect place for supernatural happenings "Great dungeon". The tunnel also creates suspension, why did he look down there in this first place and what could be down there It is described as "Barbarous, depressing and forbidding". The smells and surroundings make him a little bit reluctant to descend "Air of reluctanceThe story is only spread over a couple of days, but that is all it takes for him to get involved, also the story only ever takes place within the cutting. Is this so none of the tension is lost? "But I expressly intend to make you another visit". The two men meet both times at the bottom of the cutting at night "I will come at eleven". This keeps the tension due to the darkness, It would probably be lost if they were to meet on a sunny midday. Also the darkness impairs the narrators vision so he can't be sure what's out there. The signalman is evidently going to be an important character once they get talking and his actions are very weird to start off with; He stands intently in the railway with his hand on his chin, not moving a muscle until they are face to face "Before he stirred I was near enough to have touched him". Also when they do meet he makes no attempt to start the conversation, instead he looks at the red light "Look towards the red light" He seems very mysterious and unpredictable. As they begin to talk again the man becomes slightly hostile and the narrator speculates that he might be a ghost "This was a spirit". This is a very tense point in the novel because the ghosts identity may have already been revealed, but the signalman begins to show fear and asks if they have met before. It makes you think, why should the signalman show any fear? After their conversation the man leaves and the signalman tells him that on his return journey not call out those words. "Halloa! Below there". It builds tension over what these words really mean to the signalman and why he is scared of them.

The signalman himself looks mysterious "A dark sallow man". This would add to the reader's suspense and build up the tension as he gets closer.

They retreat to the signal box and from his long description you realise that he is quite a knowledgeable man "Worked at fractions and decimals". If he is so clever why is he a signalman? He is also a very skilled workman "Safest of men to be employed. These questions add mystery to his identity which in turn builds up the suspense. Within their talk, the signalman looks outside toward the tunnel more than once. This creates expectancy of what's going to happenIn the first conversation he tells the man that he is "troubled". This makes you ask the question what is he troubled about and does it have anything to do with his weird actions previously? Could he be or knows the ghost? These questions make you think about what's coming round the corner. This also builds suspense.

On the man's return visit he is told about the mysterious figure and how it disappeared. "It was gone". This long passage describing the ghost's actions adds tension and expectancy that it will come again. He also clears up his odd actions (when he looked down the tunnel). The ghost says those very same words. We now know that he is not the ghost so some tension is lost but it is now a matter of if the man will see the ghost and what it will say. He also tells the man of the lady who died in the carriage just after he had seen the figure "Within six hours after this appearance, the memorable accident happen". You begin to associate the spectre with death and who's death will it contribute to next. The story is written in first person so it feels like it is actually happening at the same time you read it. This is evident when he talks with and about the signalman "You look at me as if you had a dread of me". Neither you or him know what the response is going to be. His manner is described as "seemed to make the place strike colder to me, but I said no more". He describes it as it happens which adds suspense. This a weird description to give someone, could he be the ghostAs you here about the ghost, the gentleman's actions are very dismissive. This is true as it would be the natural response, but as they are in a deep cutting which hasn't much human contact you begin to believe him. The man has the same reactions when he hears about the second ghost. "Deception of his sense of sight". You have the same time to make a decision as he does, but you already know there will be a ghost.

The man seems brave and dismissive of things which could potentially harm him. Maybe too dismissive and this could get him into trouble, but he doesnt seem like he is a victim. The signalman has this role. In the end it is the gentlemans fault that the signalman dies because if he hadn't called down to him in the first place, the signalman would have looked up as the train came down the tunnel. "Below there, look out". The first words of the story are the most decisive words of the story. Could it have been fate? And no matter what had happened between the start of the story and his death, it couldn't have been prevented. "The words which I myself - not he had attached". He obviously feels responsible for his death and you feel that if he hadn't associated himself with the man none of this would of happened. This is quite a mysterious and even scary thoughtIt is evident that Dickens creates a lot of suspense throughout the story with the opening words and as he descends the cutting, looking at the signalman whose actions are very weird. Suspense is also created as the signalman tells the gentleman of the weird happenings recently. The settings are very mysterious and even prone to something like this happening. Dickens' ability to bring mystery, unexplainable, and first person narrative add up to make suspense in the story.

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The distinction between the Chesapeake region and New England colonies up to 1700.

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Many distinct cultures may evolve from a single nationality. Values and priorities of a culture are often what separate it from another. In America beginning around 1607, the English began settling two main regions; however by 1700 two diverse societies had emerged. In the unruly Chesapeake region, English principals revolved around tobacco and revenue for the Motherland, while the English of New England in the North developed Puritan principals of strict religion and unity. The development of these societies arose for the need to survive and live the way each believed was for the best.

The first English came to America in search of a possible route to the Indies, and of course the vast gold and riches, which the New World was said to have an abundance of. The first permanent English settlement in 1607 was Jamestown on the banks of the James River in the Chesapeake Bay. This was an effort of a joint-stock company, known as the Virginia Company, established in England, to milk the lands for all of its profits, a proposal that was to endure only a few years. However the group of all male settlers, greedy and hungry for riches became unruly and could not cooperate until the Captain John Smith created order, which was much needed. Disease, malnutrition and starvation were paramount on the shores of Virginia, killing droves of settlers. Those who survived would reap the profits of the tobacco boom.

Tobacco was a crop which flourished in the Chesapeake area. The need for cheap labor arose, considering the indentured servants could easily escape, had limited numbers and other disadvantages, African slaves were brought in and would become a staple in southern society. Only wealthy plantation owners could afford such luxury as black slaves, and usually had large influences in local government, leaving the little guy out. Less fortunate settlers were under the jurisdiction of English appointed governors and often mistreated and ignored. Profit was above equal opportunity and fairness. The English of the South created a society which was based heavily on plantations; not much unity, much competition and where practice of slavery was accepted.

The English of the New England area were a different type of people. These were English Puritans which wanted to separate from the Church of England and bask in religious freedom far from the Motherland. The first groups to arrive were Separatists, or extreme Puritans at Plymouth Bay in 160, who were appalled by the Roman Catholic Church of England under James I. Loathing of the Puritans continued in England, and in 16 Charles I authorized Puritan persecutions, prompting the largest migration of the Puritans between 16 and 164, to the rocky New England region, where many could start over in a land with others who had the same values and honorable ideas.

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The Puritans of New England were deeply religious and believed the Bible was law. As God fearing individuals, they feared hell and lived God's word. Unity in the community was key. Family values and togetherness was also vital. They believed they must become close knit and work as one, rich or poor. Take on all the good and bad with a great sense of togetherness. A belief system that could be considered a similar to communism, with all receiving equal share of everything from land plots to wages. Employment in New England was not made of crops needing servants or slaves, but of small farms, industry and commerce. This made the people self reliant and resourceful. The New England society was based on strong morals based on solid religious beliefs, equality, brotherhood and a hint of rebellion.

Cultures or societies develop to cater to the needs of a people. Ethics, ideals and principals established in a nation may differentiate from the beliefs of some of its citizens, creating a need for a new culture or cultures. English settlers in America formed two distinctive societies in less then a century, though they came from the same land. The Chesapeake way of life was based on isolated crops and profits, as the Puritans of New England donned a society which was about brotherhood and religion that proved productive. The development of these two particular societies in the seventeenth century would alter the course of history in ways never imagined.

Please note that this sample paper on The distinction between the Chesapeake region and New England colonies up to 1700. is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The distinction between the Chesapeake region and New England colonies up to 1700., we are here to assist you. Your research paper on The distinction between the Chesapeake region and New England colonies up to 1700. will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Financial

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Starbucks plans big push into China

BY ANGUS CHUANG

Reuters

TAIPEI - Starbucks Corp., the worlds top coffee shop chain, said on Friday it is planning a big push into China, confident the tea-drinking nation will develop a taste for lattes and cappuccinos.

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The company has a bold ambition to expand its stores in Asia to 6,000 from around 600, with a large number of those opening in the greater China region.

A substantial number of those will certainly be in greater China, but whether its half or more its too early to say, Starbucks President Peter Maslen told Reuters in an interview.

China, known more for its penchant for tea than for double tall lattes, currently has 6 Starbucks, most of them in the wealthier cities of Beijing and Shanghai.

But Starbucks is confident it can repeat the success it has seen in Taiwan, one of its fastest growing markets in Asia. The trademark green and white mermaid features in more than 100 outlets in Taiwan, where Starbucks opened its first store in 18.

If you look at who the Taiwanese customers are, and who the Chinese customers are, emotionally, they are the same, Maslen said.

While Chinas entry to the World Trade Organization will step up competition, the company said it was ready for battle.

We are setting our own internal expectation on a much bigger opportunity in greater China, much bigger opportunity than we originally thought, said Howard Schultz, Starbucks chairman and chief global strategist.

Competition is not that unhealthy because it expands the marketplace and it also creates an opportunity for us to differentiate ourselves. We welcome that.

EXPANSION PLAN INTACT

Despite a still fragile recovery in the global economy, Starbucks said the current economic malaise would not sour thirsts for its beverage.

Starbucks Coffee Japan Ltd, a unit of the Seattle-based parent, reported last month a 55 percent drop in net profits for April-September and said it would scale back expansion plans there.

The pullback is seen as temporary by the top bean counters at Starbucks.

In the last 0 years, in good and bad times, Starbucks has been able to continue to not only grow and expand, but to do it quite profitably, said Schultz.

Since beginning a push outside of North America in 16, Starbuck has grown to more than 6,000 stores worldwide from 15 in 1, when it went public. It plans to expand to 10,000 by the end of 005 and has set a long-term goal of more than 5,000 shops.

But Schultz said expansion to gain market share would not come at the expense of shareholders value.

We are not interested as a company in growing in a way that will dilute the integrity of our earnings, he said.

Nor was expansion in Asia and Europe an indication of slower growth in its U.S. market.

We are a long, long way from approaching saturation in the United States, he said. The markets like Taiwan, like Hong Kong, like Shanghai, like Europe are in the infant stages. Its very early days for the growth and development of the company outside of America.

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Enzymes

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ENZYMES

most enzymes are proteins.

catalysing (speeding up) biochemical reactions. (called the biological catalysts.)

they break single substrates (compounds) into simple substances.

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or join two or more substrate molecules chemically together.

the enzyme itself will remain unchanged in the reaction.

just helps the reaction to take place quicker.

strong oxidizing agent.

the part of the enzymes surface into which the substate is bound and undergoes reactions (known as active site.)

made of different parts of polypeptide chain folds into a specific shape so that they are closer together.

for some enzymes, building sites can be very precise, allowing only a single kidn of substrate to bind to it.

some enzymes have low specificity and will accept a wide range of substrates of the same general type.

enzyme is specific for the type of chemical bond involved and not an exact substrate.

ACTIVE SITES draw the substrate to the surace of the enzyme . substrate molecules are positioned in a way to promote a reaction by joining molecules together or splitting up a larger one.

ENZYME MOLECULE the complexity of the active site is what makes each enzyme so specific.

HOW ENZYMES WORK

the enzyme and/or reactants change their shape slightly.

The reactants become bound to enzymes by weak chemical bonds.

the binding can weaken bonds within the reactants themselves, allowing the reaction to proceed more readily.

CATABOLIC REACTIONS

some enzymes can cause a single substrate molecule to be drawn into the active site.

chemical bonds are broken, causing the substrate molecule to break apart and become two molecules.

ANABOLIC REACTIONS

some enzymes can cause two substrate molecules to be drawn into the active site.

chemical bonds are formed causing the two substate molecules to form bonds and become a single molecule.

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Ethics

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What is ethics? Simply put, ethics involves learning what is right or wrong, and then doing the right thing, but the right thing is not nearly as straightforward as it seems to be.

Ethics is the careful study of standards of behavior that apply to real-world problems and decisions. It gives us insights into what we should do.

The minute we put the word 'should' in a sentence, we are probably talking about ethics. Colleges should (or should not) take race into account in admissions. Health care coverage should (or should not) be a substantial part of the state budget. Although ethics deals with right and wrong, it is not a discipline that always leads everyone to the same conclusions. It is not the captive of liberals or conservatives.

Of course, there are situations that are wrong by any standard. The recently reported advise given by former Enron Chairman Kenneth Lay to the investors to hold on their investments in the company while he himself kept selling the shares of the company is a case in point. But there are other issues where right and wrong is less clear. To guide our reflection on such difficult questions, philosophers, religious teachers and other thinkers have shaped various approaches to ethical decision-making.

Help with essay on ethics Many philosophers consider ethics to be the science of conduct. Ethics includes the fundamental ground rules by which we live our lives. Philosophers have been discussing ethics for at least 500 years, since the time of Socrates and Plato. Many ethicists consider emerging ethical beliefs to be state of the art legal matters, i.e., what becomes an ethical guideline today is often translated to a law, regulation or rule tomorrow. Values, which guide how we ought to behave, are considered moral values, e.g., values such as respect, honesty, fairness, responsibility, etc. Statements around how these values are applied are sometimes called moral or ethical principles.

Most ethical dilemmas in the workplace are not simply a matter of Should Bob steal from Jack? or Should Jack lie to his boss? Business ethics are a hot topic these days. With everything from insider trading to employee theft on the rise, it is no wonder that businesses are beginning to focus on the impact of ethical leadership. But along with this new focus comes a lot of gray area. Many times, managers are forced to decide on issues where there are arguments on both sides - a problem that makes ethical decision-making very difficult.

So what is Business Ethics? The concept has come to mean various things to various people, but generally its coming to know what it right or wrong in the workplace and doing whats right -- this is in regard to effects of products/services and in relationships with stakeholders. Attention to business ethics is critical during times of fundamental change -- times much like those faced now by businesses, both nonprofit or for-profit. In times of fundamental change, values that were previously taken for granted are now strongly questioned. Many of these values are no longer followed. Consequently, there is no clear moral compass to guide leaders through complex dilemmas about what is right or wrong. Attention to ethics in the workplace sensitizes leaders and staff to how they should act. Perhaps most important, attention to ethics in the workplaces helps ensure that when leaders and managers are struggling in times of crises and confusion, they retain a strong moral compass. However, attention to business ethics provides numerous other benefits, as well (these benefits are listed later in this document).

Many people react that business ethics, with its continuing attention to doing the right thing, only asserts the obvious (be good, dont lie, etc.), and so these people dont take business ethics seriously. For many of us, these principles of the obvious can go right out the door during times of stress. Consequently, business ethics can be strong preventative medicine. Anyway, there are many other benefits of managing ethics in the workplace.

Many ethicists assert theres always a right thing to do based on moral principle, and others believe the right thing to do depends on the situation -- ultimately its up to the individual.

Lets look at an example.

Sally started her consulting business a year ago and has been doing very well. About a month ago, she decided she needed to hire someone to help her since she was getting busier and busier. After interviewing several candidates, she decided to hire the best one of the group, Mary. She called Mary on Monday to tell her she had gotten the job. They both agreed that she would start the following Monday and that Mary could come in and fill out all of the hiring paperwork at that time.

On Tuesday, of the same week, a friend of Sallys called her to say that she had found the perfect person for Sally. Sally explained that she had already hired someone, but the friend insisted. Just meet this girl. Who knows, maybe you might want to hire her in the future! Rather reluctantly, Sally consented. Alright, if she can come in tomorrow, Ill meet with her, but thats all. Oh, Im so glad. I just know youre going to like her! Sallys friend exclaimed.

And Sally did like her. She likes her a lot. Sally had met with Julie on Wednesday morning. She was everything that Sally had been looking for and more. In terms of experience, Julie far surpassed any of the candidates Sally had previously interviewed, including Mary. On top of that, she was willing to bring in clients of her own that would only increase business. All in all, Sally knew this was a win-win situation. But what about Mary? She had already given her word to Mary that she could start work on Monday.

And yet she only had the resources to hire one person at this point. Clearly, the best business decision was to hire Julie. But what about the ethical decision? If her business did poorly or Mary couldnt provide enough support, the business would suffer. As a result, her family would suffer. Money was already tight, what with two boys in college. And yet she knew Mary also had a family she was supporting. Plus, she had been so enthusiastic about starting to work.

Obviously, Sally had a problem - an ethical problem. Should she hire Mary (whom shed already given her word) or Julie (who was obviously the best person for the job)? Questions like these touch on our deepest values. Depending on whom you would ask, you would get strong arguments for both decisions. This is what we mean when we talk about gray area. So what is the answer?

Managing ethics in the workplace holds tremendous benefit as well as challenges for leaders and managers, benefits both moral and practical. This is particularly true today when it is critical to understand and manage highly diverse values and in the workplace.

However, the field of business ethics has traditionally been the domain of philosophers, academics and social critics. Consequently, much of todays literature about business ethics is not geared toward the practical needs of leaders and managers -- the people primarily responsible for managing ethics in the workplace. The most frequent forms of business ethics literature today typically include a) philosophical, which requires extensive orientation and analysis; b) anthologies, which require much time, review and integration; c) case studies, which require numerous cases, and much time and analyses to synthesize; and d) focus on social responsibility, which includes many examples of good and bad actions taken by companies. This lack of practical information is not the fault of philosophers, academic or social critics. The problem is the outcome of insufficient involvement of leaders and managers in discussion and literature about business ethics. More leaders and managers must become involved.

Assumptions of Business Ethics

Suppose we contend that business is indeed an honorable profession? Does this mean that people in business can do no wrong?

Clearly not, but they would normally be quite worthy of respect and even admiration, when they carry out their professional tasks conscientiously, successfully. Even without any extracurricular deeds of charity or generosity, those in business, as those in education or science, could be seen as embarking upon morally worthwhile tasks. There are, however, pitfalls in business, as in any other profession, which is why business ethics is an important field of study, a sub-field of professional ethics (which is itself a sub-field of role ethics). Though, business ethics is what so often is said about it, an oxymoron. For anything so directly concerned with self-promotion couldn't possible be justified as being motivated impartially? With business as an honorable profession, it can now be appreciated that the field has some unique tasks where one faces temptations to go wrong, to become corrupted, no more or less so than in medicine, art, science, and education.

Please note that this sample paper on ethics is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on ethics, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on ethics will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Cancer

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Chemosensitivity and Cancer Susceptibility

Cancer is defined as a malignant growth that tends to spread indefinitely and to reproduce itself. According to the American Cancer Society, 50 percent of American men and percent of American women get cancer in their lifetime. Though cancer differs in onset, growth rate, level of fatality, and cause, all cancers arise from cells that lost their normal growth controls. Normal cell growth is controlled by a variety of different growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Cancer cells grow independent of normal growth signals.

Most cancer treatments aim to destroy the cancer cells using radiation (radiation therapy) or toxic chemicals (chemotherapy). Chemotherapy drugs interfere with the ability of a cancer to divide and reproduce its self. The name Chemotherapy literally means chemical therapy. Often if doctors can discover a tumor before metastasis occurs, doctors can try and remove the growth with out using cytotoxic drugs; immunosuppressive, immunomodulating chemicals.

There are many negative effects of radiation and chemotherapy. These treatments cause general weakness, weight loss, and hair loss. The administration of these drugs at high dose affects patients¡¦ red, white, and platelet cell levels in the body, the cells required to fight infection and to heal wounds. Therefore, a patient may not be able to recuperate from the treatment. To help patients survive high dose treatments, they might receive a bone marrow transplants from appropriate donors. A syringe withdraws a small amount of bone marrow from a donor¡¦s pelvic bone, and this gets injected into a patient whose ability to make new blood cells has been impaired by the cancer treatment. Many of these cancer therapies are themselves carcinogenic, a material or substance that produces or stimulates cancer. Yet, the drugs get used because of their ability to also control cancer. The probability of attacking a malignancy in ones body using these treatments proves much higher than the likely hood of developing a new cancer after effective treatment.

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Some individuals who receive radiation therapy or chemotherapy and kill the malignant cells, some years latter develop a second cancer. The cause for this particular reoccurrence of malignancy is not known. This unknown fact, leads to a simple question is there anything

unusual about the population of individuals who develop the second malignancy? Is their development of cancer random or are people susceptible to cancer induction?

A wide variation exists of cancer rates exist in individuals. In other words, individuals have varying chances of developing cancer. Because of an underlying alteration in their genome, some individuals find they are more inclined to get cancer. An alteration could be a mutation in a specific cancer gene, or it may be an alteration that affects the cells ability to repair damage to its DNA. All cancer cells hold mutations in genes that define a cells growth control factors.

Exposure to agents like radiation or chemicals that cause mutations can increase the probability of cancer. Individuals who are more sensitive to radiation or chemicals may be more likely to get cancer after exposure. In my project, I will test the hypothesis, that people who develop cancer following chemotherapy have sensitivity to the cancer-causing effects of the treatment. I will look at the chemosensitivity of cells from patients who developed cancer after chemotherapy, and compare that sensitivity to patients who were treated with the same drugs but did not get cancer. If one finds that the cells from patients who developed cancer are more sensitive to chemotherapy, then the hypothesis is correct. I will study 15 lines from patients who developed a second malignancy after treatment with cytoxan prior to bone marrow transplantation, and an equal number from patients who received the same treatment but did not develop cancer. These cell lines are immortal B cells derived from the blood of patients before any treatment.

I look at the effect of cytoxan on these cells. Cytoxan is used to decrease a patients¡¦ natural immunity before receiving a bone marrow transplant. Cytoxan causes a decrease in the number of all types of blood cells in a patients bone marrow. Bone marrow depression appears usually -14 days after individuals get treated with cytoxan.

Cytoxan

Cytoxan, which is a brand name for cyclophosphamide, causes a decrease in the number of all types of blood cells in a patients bone marrow.

In the lab, I will use two assays to measure sensitivity. The first will look at cell growth inhibition following treatment. Cells that are more sensitive to cytoxan should grow slower after treatment than cells that are resistant to cytoxan. The other assay, a chromosome assay, consists of looking for exchanges between sister chromatids (SCE) on the same chromosome following treatment with cytoxan.

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Beef Stew: Irony in O. Henry's "The Third Ingredient"

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In O. Henry's "The Third Ingredient," the use of irony helps to make this work

humorous. Verbal irony is shown in the very first sentence of the story when

Henry states that the Vallambrosa Apartment House is not really an apartment

house. Just as one expects a dentist's office to be an actual dentist's office, one

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would expect the Vallambrosa Apartment House to be an apartment house, but it

is not the case in this comedy. Another example of verbal irony is shown when

Hetty and Cecilia are having a conversation about Cecilia's attempted suicide and

Hetty calls Cecilia a fool because she did not let her savior have her address.

Cecilia misunderstands and believes that Hetty was referring to the chauffeur and

replies that she would never give her address out to chauffeurs. In the same

conversation, Hetty says that she wishes they had one, and Cecilia thinks that

Hetty wishes she had a chauffeur. Instead, Hetty was referring to needing an

onion for the stew. Towards the end of the story, situational irony is shown when

Cecilia's savior shows up in Vallambrosa Apartment House with the

ever-so-wanted onion. In real life, one would not expect for a person to be able to

find another person without so much as a clue about them. Also, the fact that he

had an onion with him is just astonishing because it was the last ingredient that

Hetty desperately needed to make the beef stew. Just as it takes potatoes and

onions to make a great beef stew, it takes situational and verbal irony to make this

story a joy to read.

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