Multiculturalism

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Multiculturalism

Australia, like many countries, has benefited from the range of its people's ancestry. Although we have had immigrants from a variety of nations even before we became one, due such events as the Gold rush, it was the policies introduced by the Chifley Government in the wake of World War Two that established us as a nation willing to accommodated those from all over the world.

Gough Whitlam's quota system and the end of racially based selection which favoured white Europeans in the 170's also added to the appeal of Australia as a nation in which to settle, particularly from neighbouring Asian nations. These trends have continued into the present and have done much to shape the cultural identity of Australia, as we now know it.

Multiculturalism has had a dramatic effect on Australia's culture. With the increase of immigration there was an increase in cultural diversity. With this increase of cultural diversity it offered Australia. This increase in cultural diversity also helped to develop our fast food industry. With the increase of Italians, Chinese and Japanese migrants they quickly introduced their cultural food into our population with excellent success. Now just about every town in Australia has a chinese restaurant or takeout, and terms such as stir fry, fettucine and sushi are as much a part of the Australian menu as the meat pie.

Cheap Custom Essays on Multiculturalism

Multiculturalism has also increased Australia's exports. With the introduction of migrants new skills could be learnt and then exported. With these new skills labourers were able to learn and teach skills that had never been able to be taught in Australia before. This also lead to and increase in exports and has helped Australia's economy and also helped the country to become a major economic power in the world.

Multiculturalism has also expressed a commitment to the traditional values and aspirations of the broader Australian community. Increase of immigrants and the skills that they have had has helped Australia into the 1st century. An example of this is Victor Chang. It has been has been people like this that has helped us in not only in medical advancements but also in technology as well.

Sport is also an area in which our multicultural progress can be seen. While even as recently as the 170's our most famous sports people were very Australian, with names such as John Newcombe, dominating, people such as South African cricketer Tony Greig showed our emerging multiculturalism. At the 000 Sydney Olympics, it was athletes with a multicultural background such as Tatiana Gregorieva made the

headlines as often as someone like Ian Thorpe.

Australia's multicultural policies also had another very major impact- they boosted the population at more increased levels. This can be shown in Australian bureau of Statistics figures, particularly those that show ancestry or country of origin.

Population size

Australias population of 1. million at June 000 was around million greater than in 10 and over 15 million more than the 101 population of .8 million. Graph 5. shows the growth in Australias population since 1788. The main component of Australias population growth has been natural increase (the difference between births and deaths), which has contributed about two-thirds of the total growth since the beginning of the twentieth century. Net overseas migration has also contributed to natural increase, albeit indirectly, through children born to migrants. Components of population growth are discussed in more detail in the next section.

(ABS Year Book Australia 00)

Political Policy has also been shaped by multiculturalism. The outline for the current Department of Immigration & Multicultural and Indiginous affairs policy shows this.

Australian Multiculturalism

Introduction

Australian democracy guarantees us our civic freedoms and our fundamental rights and equality, and it is the institutions of Australian democracy that enable diversity in our society to flourish.

The democratic foundations of our society contain a balance of rights and responsibilities. Within this broad framework, each individual and group is welcome to make a contribution to the common good.

The term Australian Multiculturalism summarises the way we address the challenges and opportunities of our cultural diversity.

The key statement of Government multicultural policy is Multicultural Australia United in Diversity (May 00). It updates the 1 New Agenda for Multicultural Australia, reaffirms its fundamentals and sets strategic directions for multicultural policy for 00-006 with a specific emphasis on community harmony.

Definition

Australian multiculturalism is the philosophy, underlying Government policy and programs, that recognises, accepts, respects and celebrates our cultural diversity. It embraces the heritage of Indigenous Australians, early European settlement, our Australian-grown customs and those of the diverse range of migrants now coming to this country.

The freedom of all Australians to express and share their cultural values is dependent on their abiding by mutual civic obligations. All Australians are expected to have an overriding loyalty to Australia and its people, and to respect the basic structures and principles underwriting our democratic society. These are the Constitution, Parliamentary democracy, freedom of speech and religion, English as the national language, the rule of law, acceptance and equality.

Principles

The Governments aim is to build on our success as a culturally diverse, accepting and open society, united through a shared future, and a commitment to our nation, its democratic institutions and values, and the rule of law. This vision is reflected in the four principles that underpin multicultural policy

· Responsibilities of all - all Australians have a civic duty to support those basic structures and principles of Australian society which guarantee us our freedom and equality and enable diversity in our society to flourish;

· Respect for each person - subject to the law, all Australians have the right to express their own culture and beliefs and have a reciprocal obligation to respect the right of others to do the same;

· Fairness for each person - all Australians are entitled to equality of treatment and opportunity. Social equity allows us all to contribute to the social, political and economic life of Australia, free from discrimination, including on the grounds of race, culture, religion, language, location, gender or place of birth; and

· Benefits for all - all Australians benefit from productive diversity, that is, the significant cultural, social and economic dividends arising from the diversity of our population. Diversity works for all Australians.

Some people however, have been resistant to the multicultural influence in Australia. This article, from a website on Workplace Communication and culture, calls for tolerance and understanding in this issue and reflecting on past approaches to further the argument for multiculturalism.

The Economic Reason Why We Must Return to Multiculturalism

The last year has been a time of great setbacks for multiculturalism as government policy and the politics cultural pluralism in Australia generally. Its been a time for the celebration of the ordinary battlers of mainstream Australia. Theres no singling out either side of politics for special credit as we account for this turn in our public life. The shift in priorities and political sensibilities has been bipartisan.

The politics of the mainstream attempts to portray multiculturalism as, at best, the ephemeral fluff of identity-anxiety, or, at worst, the minority interest group tail wagging the national dog. But, whatever the deficiencies of public versions of multiculturalism, the identity, interest group and welfare aspects of multiculturalism are about to be completely eclipsed by business realities. We either come to grips with these realities as a nation, or we face economic stagnation and decline.

Multiculturalism means managing diversity. In business, this means addressing the hard realities of locally diverse workforces and having a multicultural orientation to niche markets which leads to the customisation of products and services. It also means developing an outward looking and cosmopolitan business ethos in the context of global and regional economic integration. Global communication and transportation technologies are bringing once distant cultural differences ever closer to home. This is why multiculturalism is now a sheer necessity, and why anti-multicultural politics are deeply dysfunctional and contrary to our national economic interests.

In its most recent and advanced forms, multiculturalism had been moving away from its original, 170s emphasis on migrant welfare. Multiculturalism was beginning to be a policy which capitalised on the productive benefits of a diverse, immigrant society, both in domestic markets and in fostering an outward looking, cosmopolitan regional and global outlook for the whole society.

In these developments, Australia had some peculiar advantages that put it ahead of the United States less of the bad press that comes with affirmative action and so-called positive discrimination (which was never really tried here) and use of the more fluid and open concept of culture rather than the fixed US category race. The Australian workplace experience was quite unique, and potentially much more fruitful stressing the positive market value of diversity rather than attempting to define then right wrongs; and dealing with diversity as a central management issue, rather than as a kind of remedial action to bring in outsiders.

The edge in managing diversity that had been developed in Australia is, in one sense, no special virtue. It is a side benefit of a half century of migration which has culminated in forty per cent of the population having at least one parent born overseas. Many business are recognising that Australia is a microcosm of the new, global marketplace. This is why major multinationals have decided to locate regional offices here, such as Amex and Data General.

Australia also has a highly export-oriented economy where the growth today is in highly communication and culture-sensitive industries-tourism, education, and services. Trading on diversity is unavoidable now, as nine out of ten of our fastest growing export markets over the past decade are non-English speaking.

The latest research about Australian business confirms that Productive Diversity is actually working for many companies and industry sectors. The Productive Diversity dividend is there for all to see-from the companies whose core business is dealing with diversity such as Qantas and much of the Australian tourism industry, to sector leaders who have adopted the Productive Diversity ethos such as the National Australia Bank, and to the mining and pastoral enterprises that have had to learnt how to do deals with local Aboriginal communities at one end of their business and how to sell into global markets at the other.

Australia today is at a turning point. Can we allow the politics of division, the politics of battler resentment and a 150s monocultural view of Australian identity, do us great economic damage? Will we allow a cultural isolationism develop which will surely turn us into the poor white trash of Asia? Or will we have the strength to stand by our multiculturalism, develop it and make it stronger-in the national interest, the interest of all of us?

Today's climate is such that, with terrorism and gang rape blamed on multicultural groups, we are being taught to be afraid of those who are different, but as can be shown from these examples and those in recent history, multiculturalism is an important part of our past and of our future because it teaches us to be thankful for the differences that occur in the world's cultures. This knowledge and understanding can then be used to promote unity amongst the various ethnic groups in our society.

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