Melting Point

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Melting Points

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Tahseena M. Abdul-Majeed

Cheap University Papers on Melting Point

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I. The purpose of this exercise is to understand the useful possibility of finding the melting points of a substance.

In finding the melting points of a substance you can determine…

1. A characterization of the sample, if the compound is known.

. An original record of the range in order to allow future characterization to others, if the compound is new.

. the purity of a compound.

II. No balanced equations available

Compounds Melting Point C°

Benzophenone 4-51

Maleic anhydride 5-54

4-Nitrotoluene 54-56

Naphthalene 80-8

Acetanilide 11.5-114

Benzoic acid 11.5-1

Urea 1.5-1

Salicyclic acid 158.5-15

Sulfanilamide 165-166

Succinic acid 184.5-185

,5-Dinitobenzoic acid 05-07

p-Terphenyl 10-11

Cinnamic acid ?

III.

V. Results

Data

Compounds Fast heating C° Slow heating C°

Cinnamic acid 10-1 1-1

Unknown 11 155-166 157-158

Identification of Unknown 11

Compounds Melting Point Range C°

Unknown + A 158-15

Unknown + B 146-147

Yield%

Compound Fast heating Slow heating

Cinammic acid 00% 100%

Unknown 11 1000% 00%

VI. Conclusion

We found that the most critical part of analyzing the melting points is the bath technique.

Getting the correct rate of temperature was the most difficult and took the most time. But the slower the better our result were. We found that for the test bath 55 was a good mark. For the slow heating 44 heated @ °C per minute. We have analyzed that the unknown is the compound Salicylic acid. I feel that I have met the objectives of the laboratory. I can now satisfactorily obtain the melting point of a substance and know if it is pure or a mixture. I have become familiar with the equipment necessary to complete these tests and feel capable. The flaws I have noticed are in the heating apparatus. It can be difficult to find the right heating rate. If a bath was created with a measurement of the rate of heating per minute it would be helpful and take less time. The error of the test was due to inaccurate measurements taken by myself or partner. Although I feel the results inaccuracy was not that important this time around but in an experimental lab that is dependant on temperatures that are to .5 °C, I can see how it would be important to get the ranges correct.

VII. Questions

. The effect of an insoluble such as NaSO4 on the melting point of a compound would be negligible. An insoluble, such as sand, charcoal or NaSO4 will not depress, increase or widen the melting point.

4. The true melting point compared to a rapid heating will show a difference in the melting point range, as with the experiment in Melting Point using the Unknown, Salicylic acid. At the rate of C° per minute the Melting point range observed was per minute the Melting point range observed was 157-158 C°. At 0 C° per minute the Melting point range observed was 155-160 C°.

11. It is important to pack the compound and rid the capillaries of air-because these pockets will cause a different rate of temperature in the tube. Temperature difference in the air pocket will cause the compound to melt at a different temperature of the "actual temperature, what is shown on the thermometer.

1. If an unknown (acetanilide) was mixed with an equal amount of acetanilide the melting point would remain the same. Where as if the same unknown was mixed with benzoic acid the melting point range would widen and depress. We know this to be true because of the rules of melting points. Melting points can shown future characterization, Identification, and determine purity. A soluble will contaminate & change the melting point range by lowering and widening it.

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